Mastering Local Classes in SAP ABAP: A Step-by-Step Guide with Real-Life Example

 

• Local classes in SAP ABAP are classes that are defined within the context of a program or function module.
• Unlike global classes, which are defined independently and can be accessed from any ABAP program, local classes are only accessible within the program or function module where they are defined.

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let’s take a real life requirement so that we can understand it more clearly.

Requirement :-

• Till our previous parts we have created methods in usual ABAP class and called that method in our program.
• Now, Our Requirement is to achieve the same to same requirement from local class.
• The customer wants that he would be giving a range of Sales document number on the selection screen and wants to see details of Sales Document from VBAK table and VBAP table on Output Screen.

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Solution :-

• Step 1 :- Go to ABAP Editor (SE38) and create a executable program.

  
  
  

  
  

• Step 2 :- Create type structure for some fields from VBAK table and some fields from VBAP table and then write a final type structure for combining these fields.

  
  
  

  
  

• Step 3 :- Create the respective internal table and work area for the above type structures.

  
  
  

  
  

• Step 4 :- declare a select option to take input from the user.

  
  
  

  
  

• Step 5 :- Declare a local class and declare a public method GET_DATA.

  
  
  

  
  

• Step 6 :- Implement the method in class implementation.

  
  
  

  
  

  Note :- We will write all the implementation part above and will store the final result in lt_final internal table which we have created above.

  • Part 1 :- Write the logic to fetch data from vbak and vbap.

    
    
    

    
    

  • Part 2 :- Store the data into final internal table.

    
    
    

    
    

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• Step 7 :- In Start of selection event create the object of our class.

  
  
  

  
  

• Step 8 :- Call the above implemented method.

  
  
  

  
  

• Step 9 :- Use factory method of CL_SALV_TABLE class to display the output in form of tables.

  
  
  

  
  

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Code :-

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Report ZAR_LOCAL_CLASS
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*&
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
REPORT zar_local_class.

TYPES : BEGIN OF ty_vbak,
          vbeln TYPE vbeln_va,
          erdat TYPE erdat,
          erzet TYPE erzet,
          ernam TYPE ernam,
          vbtyp TYPE vbtypl,
        END OF ty_vbak.

TYPES : BEGIN OF ty_vbap,
          vbeln TYPE vbeln_va,
          posnr TYPE posnr_va,
          matnr TYPE matnr,
        END OF ty_vbap.

TYPES : BEGIN OF ty_final,
          vbeln TYPE vbeln_va,
          erdat TYPE erdat,
          erzet TYPE erzet,
          ernam TYPE ernam,
          vbtyp TYPE vbtypl,
          posnr TYPE posnr_va,
          matnr TYPE matnr,
        END OF ty_final.

*&---------------------------
*&Internal table and work area of for the same
*&-----------------------------------------------
DATA: lt_vbak type table of ty_vbak,
      ls_vbak type ty_vbak,
      lt_vbap type table of ty_vbap,
      ls_vbap type ty_vbap,
      lt_final type table of ty_final,
      ls_final type ty_final.
*&--------------------------------
*&Declaring Select Options
*&--------------------------------
DATA : lv_vbeln type vbeln_va.
SELECT-OPTIONS : s_vbeln for lv_vbeln.

*&-------------------------------------------
*&Declaring local class
*&------------------------------------------
Class SALES_ORDER DEFINITION.
  PUBLIC SECTION.
  METHODS GET_DATA.
ENDCLASS.

*&------------------------------------------
*&Implementing the class
*&-------------------------------------------
CLASS SALES_ORDER IMPLEMENTATION.
  METHOD GET_DATA.
    Select vbeln erdat erzet ernam vbtyp
      from vbak into table lt_vbak
      where vbeln in s_vbeln.

    IF lt_vbak is  NOT INITIAL.
      select vbeln posnr matnr
        from vbap into table lt_vbap
        FOR ALL ENTRIES IN lt_vbak
        where vbeln = lt_vbak-vbeln.
    endif.

    LOOP at lt_vbap into ls_vbap.
      ls_final-posnr = ls_vbap-posnr.
      ls_final-matnr = ls_vbap-matnr.

      Read table lt_vbak into ls_vbak with key vbeln = ls_vbap-vbeln.
      if sy-subrc eq 0.
        ls_final-vbeln = ls_vbak-vbeln.
        ls_final-erdat = ls_vbak-erdat.
        ls_final-erzet = ls_vbak-erzet.
        ls_final-ernam = ls_vbak-ernam.
        ls_final-vbtyp = ls_vbak-vbtyp.
      endif.

      append ls_final to lt_final.
      clear ls_final.
    ENDLOOP.
  ENDMETHOD.
ENDCLASS.

START-OF-SELECTION.
DATA(lo_object) = new sales_order( ).
lo_object->get_data( ).

TRY.
CALL METHOD cl_salv_table=>factory
  EXPORTING
    list_display   = IF_SALV_C_BOOL_SAP=>FALSE
  IMPORTING
    r_salv_table   = data(lo_disp)
  CHANGING
    t_table        = lt_final
    .
  CATCH cx_salv_msg.
ENDTRY.
lo_disp->display( ).

*&-------------------------------------------------------------
*&End of Program
*&-----------------------------------------------------------------

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Execute the Program :-

• Press F8.

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